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SZ Photo - Uprisings and foreign military presence in Upper Silesia, 1919-1921

The three uprisings in Upper Silesia in the course of the referendums based on the Versailles Treaty cost the lives of about 300 people. The unresolved affiliation of Upper Silesia or the non-recognition and the generally tense situation between Germans and Poles repeatedly led to violent clashes. At the same time, soldiers of the victorious powers were stationed in Upper Silesia to ensure a calmer situation. The uprisings were disapproved of by the official Polish side and the government of the Reich also relied on volunteer associations such as the Freikorps Oberland or the black Reichswehr. - This selection contains pictures from our partner agency Süddeutsche Zeitung Photo.

The Upper Silesia-house in Gliwice

01.01.1920 - The hotel 'Upper Silesia' in Gliwice, Silesia. [XPAEXPORTID000006]
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German Free Corps soldiers with captured Polish guerrillas in 1919

01.01.1919 - German Free Corp. soldiers with captured Polish guerrillas after the battle in Myslowitz. The Polish volunteers tried to enforce with violence the Polish territorial claims in Uppe...
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Polish volunteers during the fights for Upper Silesia 1920

01.01.1920 - Polish volunteers under Korfanty say goodbye to their wives. They want to conquer Upper Silesia for Poland before the referendum. They get into a fight with German Free Corps and S...
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Polish volunteers want to annex Upper Silesia to Poland 1920

01.01.1920 - A photo was found at Polish prisoners in the fighting for the Annaberg. In the plate is inscribed: 'Poles, French: good Boches: kaput'. The Polish armed volunteers under Korfanty t...
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Polish troops march into Thorn, 1918

18.01.1920 - Entry of the Polish troops in Thorn (present day: Torun). According to the provisions in the Treaty of Versailles West Prussia becomes Polish. [XPAEXPORTID000005]
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German self defense in Ratibor, 1921

01.01.1921 - Members of an irregular army made up of local units trained in self defense, parade in Ratibor. These units fought against the attacks of Polish volunteer groups. [XPAEXPORTID00000...
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German police in Upper Silesia, 1921

01.01.1921 - Members of a police unit armed like soldiers in Upper Silesia. The unit was initially formed to protect against the uprising of Polish volunteer groups, but had to be disbanded due...
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German volunteers in Upper Silesia, 1921

01.01.1921 - A division of the self defense forces march to guard the railway stretch of Oppeln Dambrau. [XPAEXPORTID000005]
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Upper Silesian border protection, 1921

01.01.1921 - Teams, which have formed a self defense group, on the way to the border. [XPAEXPORTID000005]
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Battle between German troops and Polish insurgents in Upper Silesia, 1919

09.10.1919 - At the station of Myslowitz in Upper Silesia, the southern part of Silesia which formed a Prussian province after the cession of territory to Poland and the CSR after the Treaty of...
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German Schutzpolizisten at the Polish uprising in Upper Silesia, 1920

01.10.1920 - Security policemen on the road towards Bogucice during the second Polish uprising in Upper Silesia. [XPAEXPORTID000005]
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entry of the first Italian troops in Katowice, 1920

01.01.1920 - The entry of the Italian troops in Katowice that were sent in Upper Silesia by the Inter-Allied Commission. The Inter-allied government- and plebiscite commission for Upper Silesia...
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Awarding of a French officer in Upper Silesia

01.01.1920 - A French officer receives an award in Upper Silesia. The Inter-allied government- and plebiscite commission for Upper Silesia (IK), led by General Henry Le Rond takes over on 11 Fe...
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French soldiers patrol during riots in Katowice, 1920/21

01.01.1920 - During the Polish uprising French infantrymen patrol in Katowice. They took over the military protection of the Katowice-based Inter-Allied Commission during the voting on the rema...
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British troops march through Opole during the Polish uprising, 1921

01.01.1921 - Members of a Scottish regiment march through Opole during the third Polish uprising led by Wojciech Korfanty. [XPAEXPORTID000005]
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A British officer and a German Schutzpolizist in Upper Silesia, 1921

01.01.1921 - A British officer (left) looks at a blackjack, that was taken away from a captive Pole, during the third Polish uprising led by Wojciech Korfanty. Beside him stands a German Schutz...
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German funeral procession during the Polish uprising, 1921

01.01.1921 - A funeral procession for Germans who were killed during the unrest at the third Polish uprising in Opole. [XPAEXPORTID000005]
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German refugees demonstrate during the Polish uprising in Upper Silesia, 1921

01.01.1921 - After the outbreak of the Third Polish Uprising German refugees demonstrate in Opole (Opole). The Third Polish Uprising led by Wojciech Korfanty broke out after the referendum from...
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The marching of French troops in Gliwice, 1921

01.01.1921 - French soldiers march through the streets of Gliwice, to supervise the plebiscite on the national affiliation of Upper Silesia on 20 March 1921. [XPAEXPORTID000005]
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Riots in Upper Silesia, 1919

01.01.1919 - German soldiers, presumably members of a Freikorps look at the trenches dug out by Poles during the riots in Upper Silesia. [XPAEXPORTID000006]
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Hoisting of the flag in front of the house of the plebiscite commission in Katowice, 1920

01.10.1920 - The flags of the Inter-Allied Plebiscite Commission are hoisted in front of the premises of the Commission in Katowice. The German population had burned the flags before and now th...
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Germans with captured weapons of the rebels in Upper Silesia, 1921

28.07.1921 - Members of a German association with weapons of French origin, which were left behind during the third Polish uprising by Polish rebels, among others hand grenades. [XPAEXPORTID000...
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Grave for victims of the Polish uprising in Upper Silesia, 1920

26.10.1920 - A mass grave that contains the bodies of five shot members of the 'Verband heimattreuer Oberschlesier' (United Leagues of Patriotic Upper Silesians), who died during the second Pol...
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A devastated shop after the Polish uprising in Upper Silesia

01.01.1919 - A German business in Langendorf that was devastated and plundered during the Polish uprising. [XPAEXPORTID000006]
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A destroyed house after the Polish uprising in Upper Silesia, 1921

01.01.1921 - A German peasant family before they house that was burnt down during the third Polish uprising in Anhalt (Holdunow) at Pless. [XPAEXPORTID000005]
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Border guard in the German-Czech border area, 1919

01.01.1919 - After the debated cession of the Eastern Regions from the German Reich, German volunteers created border control groups and voluntary corps on the new eastern border in the first y...
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German police officers and British soldiers in Opole, 1921

01.01.1921 - German election policemen and British soldiers with backpacks in Opole. Allied troops occupied Silesia during the voting period required after the Treaty of Versailles. [XPAEXPORTI...
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Riots against Germans in Upper Silesia, 1920s

01.01.1920 - Poles have painted skulls on the facade of the head office of the German newspaper 'Oberschlesischer Kurier' in Chorzow in the district Rybrik. At the last elections for the Sejm,...
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The Upper Silesia-house in Gliwice
Polish volunteers want to annex Upper Silesia to Poland 1920
German police in Upper Silesia, 1921
German Free Corps soldiers with captured Polish guerrillas in 1919
Polish troops march into Thorn, 1918
German volunteers in Upper Silesia, 1921
Polish volunteers during the fights for Upper Silesia 1920
German self defense in Ratibor, 1921
Upper Silesian border protection, 1921

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